Clavioline
Nombre: Clavioline
Autor: Constant Martin
Pais: Francia (Versalles)
Año: 1947
Descripción sintética
Before the birth of the synthesizer, the only commercially produced instrument that offered a sound that was something more than a glorified organ was the monophonic Clavioline electronic keyboard instrument, which was actually invented by Constant Martin in France in 1947! It consisted of a 3-octave keyboard with 18-22 switches that would alter the timbre of the sound produced through the matching amplifier/speaker unit, and it also added vibrato and other effects. When developed, the Clavioline was intended for use as an accompaniment instrument that produced realistic imitations of the orchestral sounds of the time: primarily solo strings and brass. In this, it was surprisingly successful, although standards of what constitutes 'realistic' have changed somewhat since the middle of the 20th century. But it was for its ability to create what were, at the time, novelty sounds that it became best known. Basically it was a predecessor of the analogue synthesizer with lovely droning hardsync tones those resemble multipulse squarewave and permit very sonorous and buzzy electro bass noises those are great for tekkno. The sound is made by a tube operated (sort of?) squarewave tone generator with a hardsynced suboscillator (octave divider) that makes a sort of subharmonic mixture (adds lower octave undertones). As well the main voice as the suboscillator can be switched to different octaves. The resulting waveform is passed through an analogue filter bank that is controlled by 10 combinable OBS tab stop switches.
Contexto histórico
Electrical instruments first appeared at the close of the 19th century, but it was another 50 years before an affordable and widely distributed electronic keyboard became available. Its story began in the developments of the 1920s and '30s, but came to fruition in 1947 in Versailles, a part of France more famous for its palace, treaties, beheadings and references to brioche than it is for electronic music. It was in this year that a chap named Constant Martin invented a small instrument designed to be bolted under the keyboard of a piano and used to imitate orchestral solo instruments. It was the Clavioline.
Principio de funcionamiento
El clavioline se dividía en dos partes: Una era la unidad del teclado y controles que produce el sonido real y la otra era una unidad con el amplificador y el altavoz, acoplados en una caja
La unidad del teclado contenía:
18 interruptores para el timbre que controlaba con filtros del tipo filtro paso alto y un filtro paso bajo. 2 controles para la velocidad y la intensidad del vibrato. 1 control para el volumen total controlado por una palanca a la altura de la rodilla.
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Bilbliografía
http://weltenschule.de/TableHooters/Joergensen_Clavioline.html http://www.synthtopia.com/content/2009/02/05/the-clavioline/ https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clavioline https://www.soundonsound.com/reviews/story-clavioline